Social Inequality

Social Inequality Today, there are many stereotypes and discriminatory practices that act as barriers to a woman's advancement within the workplace. While it is undeniable that there are biological and physical differences between men and women, often times these differences are used to justify the unequal treatment of women not only in the workplace, but within society as a whole. Throughout history, women have often been viewed as the weaker sex and thus their place was thought to be within the home as the family caretaker.Unfortunately, these views continue to define the different social roles for men and women in the world today. This is an issue that almost everyone woman at some point in their life has had to face. Some may experience this unequal treatment at their work place, during their education, or in their everyday lives. Historically, a woman’s primary job was managing the household. As housewives who had no source of income besides that of what their husbands ea rned. In the public’s eye women were nothing more than wives, homemakers, caregivers, and mothers.It was not thought of for a woman to work a â€Å"real job† their place was at home taking care of the family. Throughout history women have struggled for equality. The Suffrage Movement and later the Affirmative Action were efforts to increase equality among genders. As the United States economy was changing to a more industrialized one it demanded more workers. While men were at war, the demand for workers needed for war production increased. Women decided to help out with war efforts by taking over the jobs left by men. This step was huge for women realizing their potential in the workplace.Prior to 1963 it was legal for a business to pay a woman performing similar work as a man a lower wage. It was also rare to find a woman in a position of authority in a workplace. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 required gender equality for payment of wages. From that point forward it was illegal for an employer to pay a woman a lower wage than a man simply because of her gender. A woman who suffers discrimination under the terms of this law may sue her employer in civil court to recover lost wages and punitive damages. A year later, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed.This granted equal rights to women in all areas of employment. Discrimination of any kind in the workplace based on gender was now illegal. The passing of the Civil Rights Act opened new career doors for women and supplied them with the legal support to do so. However, The Civil Rights Act was amended in 1991 when the federal government moved to include sexual harassment in the law's statutes. This revision allowed women to sue employers who permitted sexual harassment in the workplace for compensatory and punitive damages in court.This amendment to the Act did not stop sexual harassment in the workplace but it does help to empower women to fight back against the behavior. Even with these laws ther e is still a significant pay gap among men and women. For example in 2011, women working full time in the United States typically earned just 77 percent of what men earned, a gap of 23 percent. This gap has narrowed since the 1970s, due mainly to women’s progress in education and workforce participation and to men’s wages rising at a slower rate. The subject of equal pay is not only a woman’s issue but also the family’s issue.Families are relaying on women’s earning more than ever just to make ends meet. In typical married households, women’s incomes accounted for 36 percent of total family income in 2008, up from 29 percent in 1983. These days a large majority of mothers are in the paid labor force, and about one-third of employed mothers are the sole breadwinners for their families. For the 34 percent of working mothers who are the sole breadwinner for their family; either because they are single parents or their spouses is not in the labo r force.The gender pay gap can contribute to poor living conditions, poor nutrition, and fewer opportunities for their children. And for these women, closing the gender pay gap is much more than a point of pride it’s a matter of necessity. In 2011 women working full time made annual earnings of $37,118, while men annually made $48,202. Although statistics show the gender pay gap is smallest among the youngest workers. For instance, in 2010 full-time workers ages 16–19, women earned 95 percent of what men earned on a weekly basis.Among workers 65 years and older, women earned only 76 percent of what their male peers earned. Women typically earn more than 90 percent of what men earn until around the age of 35, at which point median earnings for women start to grow much more slowly than median earnings for men. After age 35, women’s median earnings fall to between 75 and 80 percent of the median earnings of men and remain there until retirement. When you look at ed ucation statistics you’ll see that more education is an effective tool for increasing earnings, but it is not an effective tool against the gender pay gap.At every level of academic achievement, women’s median earnings are less than men’s median earnings, and in some cases, the gender pay gap is larger at higher levels of education. While more education is an effective tool for increasing earnings, it is not an effective tool against the gender pay gap. In nearly every line of work, women face a pay gap no matter their education background or training. While a pay gap exists in nearly every occupational field, jobs traditionally associated with men tend to pay better than traditional female jobs, regardless of skill required.Even in 2012, women and men still tend to work in different kinds of jobs. This segregation of occupations is a major factor behind the pay gap. A significant part of the problem with workplace inequality is that women, throughout history ha ve traditionally assumed the responsibility of child-rearing. As a result, women's work outside the home is still seen as secondary or supplemental, even when they occupy highly skilled, professional, or management positions. The reasoning is that the Father's responsibility is with employment, while the Mother's is with the household.However, this is increasingly no longer the case in modern society. Employers often perceive working mothers as confronting a conflict of loyalty between home and work, and assume that these women, regardless of their circumstances, will lack the commitment required of the â€Å"ideal worker,† and thus they often exclude women as candidates for positions structured for such workers. Studies have shown that often times when a woman has to take a leave of absence from her job to meet family responsibilities, these absences have hurt their potential for future advancement within their organizations and others.Some businesses feel women will place t heir professional lives on hold in order to attend to family needs. This however is not always the case. If needed there should be a child care facilities on site, which should provide flexible working arrangements and hours. I personally believe that woman can balance the two lives, if the company is willing to provide assistance. There is experimental research documented showing that employers are less likely to hire mothers compared with childless women, and when employers do make an offer to a mother, they offer them lower salaries than they do other women.Fathers, in contrast, do not suffer a penalty compared with other men. Clearly, parenthood often affects men and women very differently in terms of labor force participation and how they are viewed by employers, and that difference may be reflected in a worker’s salary. According to the U. S. Department of Labor, more than 50% of women participate in the labor force. Of those 57 million in the workforce, only 72% work f ull time while the other 28% are part time workers. Many of those part-time workers hold multiple jobs.Even though women occupy more jobs than before, we can still a concentration in jobs being viewed as traditionally female. The top five occupations for women in 2003 were secretaries and administrative assistants (96. 3%), elementary and middle school teachers (80. 6%), registered nurses (90. 2%), nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides (89%), and cashiers (75. 5%). Women continue to get paid less than men. Despite the awareness of gender inequality, there are still arguments about gender difference and assumptions that women and men are from different plants.The workplace still remains an unequal area, by persistent sex segregation, wage inequality, sex discrimination, and sexual harassment. Both women and men work, not only because they have to but want to. Employers should not judge women as being non-dependable. Family structure has changed dramatically over the years. Both parents share the family responsibilities. To compensate for the change businesses have introduced flextime, job sharing, telecommuting, on-site day care, and parental leave.Employers should accommodate a woman’s needs and expand the gender diversity in their company. There was a time where balance of respect and roles never existed between the two, but today, both men and women are truly redefining themselves and their relationships with each other. Most importantly women have broken from the bondage of dependence on men. They no longer have to submit themselves to one main role in the family life as the mother; they can now go beyond that and become the family breadwinner. Social Inequality Social Inequality Today, there are many stereotypes and discriminatory practices that act as barriers to a woman's advancement within the workplace. While it is undeniable that there are biological and physical differences between men and women, often times these differences are used to justify the unequal treatment of women not only in the workplace, but within society as a whole. Throughout history, women have often been viewed as the weaker sex and thus their place was thought to be within the home as the family caretaker.Unfortunately, these views continue to define the different social roles for men and women in the world today. This is an issue that almost everyone woman at some point in their life has had to face. Some may experience this unequal treatment at their work place, during their education, or in their everyday lives. Historically, a woman’s primary job was managing the household. As housewives who had no source of income besides that of what their husbands ea rned. In the public’s eye women were nothing more than wives, homemakers, caregivers, and mothers.It was not thought of for a woman to work a â€Å"real job† their place was at home taking care of the family. Throughout history women have struggled for equality. The Suffrage Movement and later the Affirmative Action were efforts to increase equality among genders. As the United States economy was changing to a more industrialized one it demanded more workers. While men were at war, the demand for workers needed for war production increased. Women decided to help out with war efforts by taking over the jobs left by men. This step was huge for women realizing their potential in the workplace.Prior to 1963 it was legal for a business to pay a woman performing similar work as a man a lower wage. It was also rare to find a woman in a position of authority in a workplace. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 required gender equality for payment of wages. From that point forward it was illegal for an employer to pay a woman a lower wage than a man simply because of her gender. A woman who suffers discrimination under the terms of this law may sue her employer in civil court to recover lost wages and punitive damages. A year later, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed.This granted equal rights to women in all areas of employment. Discrimination of any kind in the workplace based on gender was now illegal. The passing of the Civil Rights Act opened new career doors for women and supplied them with the legal support to do so. However, The Civil Rights Act was amended in 1991 when the federal government moved to include sexual harassment in the law's statutes. This revision allowed women to sue employers who permitted sexual harassment in the workplace for compensatory and punitive damages in court.This amendment to the Act did not stop sexual harassment in the workplace but it does help to empower women to fight back against the behavior. Even with these laws ther e is still a significant pay gap among men and women. For example in 2011, women working full time in the United States typically earned just 77 percent of what men earned, a gap of 23 percent. This gap has narrowed since the 1970s, due mainly to women’s progress in education and workforce participation and to men’s wages rising at a slower rate. The subject of equal pay is not only a woman’s issue but also the family’s issue.Families are relaying on women’s earning more than ever just to make ends meet. In typical married households, women’s incomes accounted for 36 percent of total family income in 2008, up from 29 percent in 1983. These days a large majority of mothers are in the paid labor force, and about one-third of employed mothers are the sole breadwinners for their families. For the 34 percent of working mothers who are the sole breadwinner for their family; either because they are single parents or their spouses is not in the labo r force.The gender pay gap can contribute to poor living conditions, poor nutrition, and fewer opportunities for their children. And for these women, closing the gender pay gap is much more than a point of pride it’s a matter of necessity. In 2011 women working full time made annual earnings of $37,118, while men annually made $48,202. Although statistics show the gender pay gap is smallest among the youngest workers. For instance, in 2010 full-time workers ages 16–19, women earned 95 percent of what men earned on a weekly basis.Among workers 65 years and older, women earned only 76 percent of what their male peers earned. Women typically earn more than 90 percent of what men earn until around the age of 35, at which point median earnings for women start to grow much more slowly than median earnings for men. After age 35, women’s median earnings fall to between 75 and 80 percent of the median earnings of men and remain there until retirement. When you look at ed ucation statistics you’ll see that more education is an effective tool for increasing earnings, but it is not an effective tool against the gender pay gap.At every level of academic achievement, women’s median earnings are less than men’s median earnings, and in some cases, the gender pay gap is larger at higher levels of education. While more education is an effective tool for increasing earnings, it is not an effective tool against the gender pay gap. In nearly every line of work, women face a pay gap no matter their education background or training. While a pay gap exists in nearly every occupational field, jobs traditionally associated with men tend to pay better than traditional female jobs, regardless of skill required.Even in 2012, women and men still tend to work in different kinds of jobs. This segregation of occupations is a major factor behind the pay gap. A significant part of the problem with workplace inequality is that women, throughout history ha ve traditionally assumed the responsibility of child-rearing. As a result, women's work outside the home is still seen as secondary or supplemental, even when they occupy highly skilled, professional, or management positions. The reasoning is that the Father's responsibility is with employment, while the Mother's is with the household.However, this is increasingly no longer the case in modern society. Employers often perceive working mothers as confronting a conflict of loyalty between home and work, and assume that these women, regardless of their circumstances, will lack the commitment required of the â€Å"ideal worker,† and thus they often exclude women as candidates for positions structured for such workers. Studies have shown that often times when a woman has to take a leave of absence from her job to meet family responsibilities, these absences have hurt their potential for future advancement within their organizations and others.Some businesses feel women will place t heir professional lives on hold in order to attend to family needs. This however is not always the case. If needed there should be a child care facilities on site, which should provide flexible working arrangements and hours. I personally believe that woman can balance the two lives, if the company is willing to provide assistance. There is experimental research documented showing that employers are less likely to hire mothers compared with childless women, and when employers do make an offer to a mother, they offer them lower salaries than they do other women.Fathers, in contrast, do not suffer a penalty compared with other men. Clearly, parenthood often affects men and women very differently in terms of labor force participation and how they are viewed by employers, and that difference may be reflected in a worker’s salary. According to the U. S. Department of Labor, more than 50% of women participate in the labor force. Of those 57 million in the workforce, only 72% work f ull time while the other 28% are part time workers. Many of those part-time workers hold multiple jobs.Even though women occupy more jobs than before, we can still a concentration in jobs being viewed as traditionally female. The top five occupations for women in 2003 were secretaries and administrative assistants (96. 3%), elementary and middle school teachers (80. 6%), registered nurses (90. 2%), nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides (89%), and cashiers (75. 5%). Women continue to get paid less than men. Despite the awareness of gender inequality, there are still arguments about gender difference and assumptions that women and men are from different plants.The workplace still remains an unequal area, by persistent sex segregation, wage inequality, sex discrimination, and sexual harassment. Both women and men work, not only because they have to but want to. Employers should not judge women as being non-dependable. Family structure has changed dramatically over the years. Both parents share the family responsibilities. To compensate for the change businesses have introduced flextime, job sharing, telecommuting, on-site day care, and parental leave.Employers should accommodate a woman’s needs and expand the gender diversity in their company. There was a time where balance of respect and roles never existed between the two, but today, both men and women are truly redefining themselves and their relationships with each other. Most importantly women have broken from the bondage of dependence on men. They no longer have to submit themselves to one main role in the family life as the mother; they can now go beyond that and become the family breadwinner.

Visit to Art Museum

I've never had a chance to visit any museum in real life, and it's even harder for me now since I've just arrived to the USA for 3 months. But I'm an art addicted, so I usually visit famous museums around the world on the internet. One Of my favourite museums is The Walters Art Museum. The Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, Maryland is internationally renowned for its collection of art, which was amassed substantially by two men, William and Henry Walters, and eventually bequeathed to the City of Baltimore.The collection presents an overview of world art from pre-dynastic Egypt to 20th-century Europe, and counts among its many treasures Greek sculpture and Roman sarcophagi; medieval ivories and Old Master paintings; Art Deco jewelry and 19th-century European and American masterpieces. The Walters Art Museum preserves and develops in the public trust a distinguished collection of world art from antiquity to the 20th century. In 1931, the museum's founding benefactor, Henry Walters, bequ eathed the core collection to the City of Baltimore â€Å"for the benefit of the public. Since its opening, the Walters has been a national leader in scholarship, conservation, and education. The Walters Art Museum brings art and people together for enjoyment, discovery, and learning. They strive to create a place where people of every background can be touched by art. They are committed to exhibitions and programs that will strengthen and sustain our community. The Walters Art Museum preserves and develops in the public trust a distinguished collection of world art from antiquity to the 20th century.In 1931, the museum's founding benefactor, Henry Walters, bequeathed the core collection to the City of Baltimore â€Å"for the benefit of the public. † Since its opening, the Walters has been a national leader in scholarship, conservation, and education. Mission Statement The Walters Art Museum brings art and people together for enjoyment, discovery, and learning. We strive to create a place where people of every background can be touched by art. We are committed to exhibitions and programs that will strengthen and sustain our community.

Huck Finn Annotations

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Chapter 1: -This book is written in a first person point of view -Huck is known from Tom's story, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer -Huck and Tom found 6000 dollars, which is a lot of money in this era -Miss Watson is very nice to have taken Huck in -There is a lot of racism in the book because of the time period it takes place in -It seems like Tom Sawyer is Huck's role model Chapter 2: -Takes place in a time of slavery Jim keeps the same five cents on a string around his neck as the five cents Tom left for the candles -Tom shows that he is the leader type when he forms the club -All the kids say the oath is beautiful, even though it talks about murder -The club turns out to be just a childish game; for they do not do anything that they said they were going to do, like robbing and murdering -They are naive and do not know what they are talking about: they use â€Å"kill† and â€Å"ransom† interchangeably -It is ironic that th ey are talking about killing people, but will not do it on Sunday because it would be â€Å"wicked†.Killing itself is wicked Chapter 3: -Characterization: Huck is pretty selfish -Huck figured out that the clubs games of robbery were not as real as Tom said they would be -Tom lives in his own world that is made up of fairytales. -â€Å"†¦ One of Tom Sawyer's lies. † This shows that Tom lies a lot Chapter 4: -Huck is very superstitious -It's not just Huck that is superstitious. Everyone is superstitious -Both Huck and Pap are struggling with their consciences Chapter 5: -Characterization: Pap is violent with Huck Characterization: Pap is paranoid and threatened by Huck's ability to read and write, while he cannot -Pap only came back because he heard that Huck became rich and Pap wants the money -Characterization: Pap is an alcoholic -When someone becomes â€Å"powerful thirsty† they want to get drunk Chapter 6: -Characterization: Huck is rebellious -Recidivis m: To repeat a crime. -^Pap does this several times^ -Huck was not allowed to smoke before (with the widow) -Irony: â€Å"Pap was careful†, but he was usually drunk Characterization: Pap was insecure with how Huck was raised, so he takes over Huck's life -Huck was uneasy because the widow was unable to take Huck away from Pap -Huck did not like to be civilized with the widow -Why did Mark Twain compare a drunk the Adam from the Garden of Eden? -Ironic: Pap did not raise Huck much -Pap is racist and does not want to partake in the same activities as black people -Symbolism: Snakes like from the Garden of Eden -Characterization: Nothing is really Pap's fault; he is just a little proud and bombastic -When drunk, Pap is violent Ironic: Pap is now calling himself the poor devil after saying that he is worth 6000 dollars and he deserves better than the government will give him -Huck is killing his father from the inside via education, wealth, and lifestyle with the widow -What will Huck do with the gun? Use it for protection, or aggression? Chapter 7: -Characterization: Huck is a fast thinker -Huck talks with a motive to deceive -Huck chooses his own happiness over Pap's happiness -Pap is angel of death to some extent -Huck was very smart -Huck is faking a burglary and his own death Tom would have been proud -Characterization: Tom is good with escapes and is also fast thinking -Huck is clever and steers the investigation in the wrong direction -Is Huck the angel of death, not Pap? -Huck was on the boat all night Chapter 8: -â€Å"†¦ They was firing cannons over the water, trying to make my carcass come to the top. † Strange superstition -The bread floated to Huck. Does the superstition really work? -The widow is not on the boat -Huck can fend for himself; he is street smart and handy just like Pap -Huck is very nervous No matter where Huck goes, there is always someone else there (can't find a place to be alone and hide out in) -Why was Miss Watso n's Jim out in the leaves? -Jim thinks that he is seeing a ghost when he sees Huck -Jim always tells tall tails and even if Jim told about seeing Huck, no one would believe him -Characterization: Jim is extremely superstitious -Tom Sawyer must be notorious for his schemes -Characterization: Jim is trusting, maybe even gullible -It seems like money is the most important thing to people in this time and place -Setting: Illinois In this setting, education is not needed as much as being street smart is -Jim and Huck have a lot in common, including that they are both fugitives -Jim thinks he will be rich one day -Jim and Huck both gave up on religion Chapter 9: -Setting: Missouri Shore -There is great imagery when talking about the storm -All of these stolen materials will come in handy in the future Chapter 10: -Now Huck has no doubt about the superstition (The snake's bad luck) -Huck does not like Pap's whiskey because it reminded him of when Pap was drunk and would beat him -Good luck brought Huck and Jim the fish Huck is going to see what is going on in his hometown by going undercover Chapter 11: -â€Å"I wouldn't forget I was a girl† -She is new to town and does not know anybody, but she knows a lot of rumors -Alcohol is more important to Pap than Huck is -All Pap wants is Huck's money for alcohol -The woman tells Huck that her husband was going to search the island for Jim. This was good because it warned them in advance -Huck begins to blow his cover. Then he does completely by forgetting his cover name -Even though the woman knew Huck was pretending, she continued to talk to him.Maybe it is because she is lonely and needed someone to talk to anyways -The woman is very sharp because she observes everything Huck does and then compares it to how a woman would do it and how he was doing it -Huck tells more lies to cover his identity, which does work -The woman quizzes him to see if he's lying again, which he was, but Huck new the answers to her question s nevertheless -Huck starts another fire on the island to trick the people looking for them into thinking that this place was their campsite; it was very clever -Huck seems to be very good at tricking people. Is this because he has tricked a lot of people in the past?Chapter 12: -The woman's information ended up being very helpful -All of Huck and Jim's actions show how careful they as being as to not get caught -Ironic: Pap talks about good deeds, while he's a violent drunk -Setting: They passed St. Louis on the fifth night -St. Louis was very different from Huck's hometown in that there were so many more people living in St. Louis -When Huck wanted to explore the wreck, Jim refused at first, but when Huck spoke about how much the items on the boat could be worth, he said okay -Both Jim and Huck use Tom as a role model and an example throughout the book -It was very unlikely that they were to find eople on the ship already, but they did -Jack Packard does not want to kill the man, he just wants to teach him a lesson, but the other man wants to kill him -Ironic: A murderer is talking about good morals -The men on the boat are robbers and murderers -Huck wants to catch the murderers -Huck and Jim end up being stuck on the boat with the murderers, and the boat could sink at any moment Chapter 13: -Huck and Jim are lucky to have gotten off of the boat. â€Å"Curiosity killed the cat† -This situations shows that money brings out the worst in people -Huck has sympathy on the murderers They took the valuables that the robbers were going to take from the boat -This shows the importance of money in this time period; they were willing to risk their lives for some more money -Huck lies to the watchman of the boat so that he will go to the wreck and save the robbers -Does Huck look up these thieves as role models? -There is a lot of repetition when it comes to the subject of death. It has shown up several times already. Is someone going to die? Chapter 14: -Jim br ings up the subject of money again -Characterization: Jim is very dubious Huck talks of Solomon as if it was a rumor spread around a small town. He has the story wrong anyways -Jim is very stubborn and maybe even sensitive -Once again, Jim is being arrogant and ignorant to different types of people Chapter 15: -Huck has one of the â€Å"meow† calls like he had with Tom -The fog acts as a means of isolation, separating everyone -Huck lies to Jim and tricks him -Jim thought that Huck had died, again. So when Huck woke Jim up it was as if he had come back to life for the second time -Why is Huck trying to fool Jim? Jim was smart enough to realize that Huck tricked him. Huck was smart enough to trick him, but not smart enough to see the damage that tricking people causes Chapter 16: -Huck thinks that they are going in circles, so he doesn't know what to do (conflict) -Jim brought up smoking. It has been a while since this has been mentioned -When Jim brought up how close his free dom is, Huck questioned himself. Why did he help Jim? -â€Å"But you knowed he was running for his freedom, and you could'a'paddled ashore and told someone†: Man versus Society -Jim has plans that mostly have to do with money Huck should be happy that Jim says that his freedom is all because of Huck, but he is guilty instead -Huck is trying to turn himself around. He wants to be happy that he helped Jim, but he's also guilty for going against what society wants -Huck talks about how his dad raised him -Jim forgives Huck and gives him kindness and sympathy -The bad luck seems to be getting even worse -Great imagery (top of pg 94) -Huck comes back to find no canoe, no raft, and no Jim Chapter 17: -Huck lies about his name again -These people are paranoid and skeptical, but they have reason to be.Huck is lying to them after all -Who are the Shepherdsons? -Characterization: Buck is talkative and annoying. He asks and answers before Huck can answer -Maybe Huck should know the corr ect spelling of his fake names -Are they so paranoid because they want to protect the house? -The family is educated and rich -This girl is not scared of death -I agree with Huck. Too bad no one makes her â€Å"a tribute† -Juxtaposition of death and the pretty house with good food Chapter 18: -Characterization: Grangerford= rich and proper -Descriptions of civilized life and people The family has faced tremendous loss -Why do the two families fight? -Buck doesn't mind shooting the other person, he just doesn't like hiding while doing it -The fighting between the two families seems very foolish -No cowards? That is hard to believe. I am sure there is at least one -Who is she meeting at 2:30? -Jim has been living off of Grangerford hospitality as well -Huck is smart for not revealing Jim right away and directly -Characterization: Buck is more violent than the rest of his family -Huck is once again involved in death: Angel of Death? Huck always blames himself for the deaths that he is connected to, since he could have prevented it, but it's not entirely his fault -Huck is back from the dead to Jim for the third time -Huck and Jim are happy to be reunited away from the feuding families Chapter 19: -Top of page 117: Great imagery -Huck and Jim being naked around each other shows that they are comfortable with each other -Jim has a lot of crazy thoughts -Huck is getting into the bad habit of helping fugitives -At first it sounds like he won't help, but he's just being smart -Both men have money trouble One is old and bald and the other is young -It's strange- The men are trying to get to know each other, but they never exchange names -I don't believe Bridgewater when he says he is a Duke. It is very unlikely -I think that the old man is trying to trick everyone into thinking that Bridgewater died. He is jealous -The Duke is jealous because the King beats him. Jim and Huck are very gullible -Huck knows that the two men are lying, but he just plays along to kee p the peace Chapter 20: -Huck is a very good storyteller -Why don't Huck and Jim get beds? Huck always uses great imagery when describing nature, but when he describes people he lacks details, which gives poor imagery -The King and the Duke and very selfish, which angers me. Huck deserves better friends -Obviously Huck never knew about plays; he was poor -This raft is full of liars -He's trying to trick and embarrass the king -This is not church like Huck is used to -The King and Duke should also be up there -He is such a liar, even if it is true. I think if he gets back to the Indian Ocean he'll be tempted into pirating again -This is not a smart idea at all.For 200 dollars people will steal Jim or make sure he is brought back -I think Jim is skeptical of them being kings and dukes as well Chapter 21: -I have a bad feeling about the swordfight -Characterization: The Duke is very bossy and a â€Å"know-it-all† -How does the Duke know so much Shakespeare? -A few of these lines in the speech are correct, but misplaced. Most of it is just made up -The sign for the Shakespeare play was a form of propaganda -The tickets were overpriced and it was false advertising -This is not the right town to show cultured â€Å"Shakespeare† -People in this town have a sick and violent sense of humor The daughter is just in time to see her dad get killed -Again, Huck witnesses a murder: Angel of Death? -More like a mob than a town. Are there any rules or laws? Chapter 22: -Of course everyone is afraid of the guy with the double barrel shot gun; he always wins -The man is a coward. If he didn't have his gun to protect him, he would be scared -Huck never purposely causes trouble -I wonder if Huck has ever seen a circus before -I, like Huck, also see the damage of this man's actions -The town is not cultured -You can tell that the show will be inappropriate because children are not allowed Chapter 23: One's pride is always one's downfall -The show was funny, but too sh ort and not what it was supposed to be -The town's people had a plan, but so did Huck and his group -Jim is realizing that the royalty is like the regular cheaters in life -Jim thinks that they are fake, but Huck lies as to prevent Jim getting kicked out of the raft -Jim has feelings and problems, just life a white man does -This chapter brings a whole new insight into Jim's life Chapter 24: -It does not sound like the plan worked well -I do not think that they should do another show -(Page 158) No one has used Huck's full name in a while A lot of information is exchanged, which will be important in the future -All 0f the names that the boy said will probably show up again -A lot of repetition of the word yawl -Huck was ashamed that the two men would take advantage of the death for money Chapter 25: -No one knew that they were frauds because no one had seen them in such a long time -All of the names he heard on the boat show up again -This scheme is low, but it fits the characters d oing it -All the men can think of is money -Will this frame the daughters? -Is he the true uncle? -No, he's the physician -The whole family believes the king, which is bad Because the king is confident, he is able to joke about the situation Chapter 26: -Huck might end up blowing their cover -Never mind, Huck is a quick thinker with convincing arguments -She's like the other woman. She sees right through him, yet she continues to play along -Huck is beginning to get second thought about the robbery -Huck sees how innocent the daughters are -The Duke and Huck care about the orphans. The King does not -Characterization: The King is very selfish -The king cares about materials rather than other people -Huck is making the right decision by stealing the gold from the frauds, but who will be blamed for it?Chapter 27: -If he hides the money, will anyone get it back? -Huck is involved in another death: A. O. D (Angel of Death) -Huck is right. Someone will probably find the money -What is wr ong with the dog? Where is Jim right now? -Surprisingly, the girls were close with their slaves -They considered the slaves to be family -The frauds notice the money is missing -Why won't the king and duke tell Huck the problem? -Huck is smart, so no one gets hurt Chapter 28: -Huck might crack and tell that they are frauds -I don't know how Mary Jane will take the news -I hope she keeps his secret Huck was smart to bring up the nonesuch. The mob would have been there in minutes -Mary Jane is trustworthy -Huck has done all he can do -Does Huck like Mary Jane? -Leave it to Huck to tell a tall tale -Huck is very cunning in the way that he influences people's thinking patterns -I wish I knew more about Tom Sawyer Chapter 29: -The frauds have two days to leave -Now Huck, even though he was good, is accused with the other men -I don't know how they are going to get out of this one -Irony: Huck is used to lying, so the truth is awkward -Do these names have to do with each other? -I believe the new gentleman.It is too bad that he cannot prove it -Will they find the bag of money? -It is lucky that Huck put the money there -Of course the gold worked as a great distraction -The men were so happy to be free -Will he let the men back into the raft? Or will he turn them away? Chapter 30: -He sort of reminds me of Pap in a way -Now the king and the duke are against each other because they wanted the money -The king said that he did it to save his life -I really hope that Jim and Huck leave the duke Chapter 31: -The king and duke are up to no good -I knew something bad would happen! -Did the duke and the king sell Jim themselves? Conflict: Man versus Man, Man versus Society, and Man versus Self -Huck is getting his beliefs again -Underwater is the best place to hide a canoe -Huck is now conforming to pap's beliefs -Huck is, once again, a fast thinker -Obviously this was the plan that the two men had on the boat that they kept quiet -He won't trust Huck because he's not trustw orthy himself -So he shouldn't trust Huck, he is going to leave Chapter 32: -(Page 218) Very descriptive -Is there a connection between Huck and Tom Sawyer here? -A â€Å"nigger† is still a person -All of the sudden, Huck isn't comfortable lying. Why? -(Page 222) This is suspenseful That's a ridiculous coincidence that Huck met Tom's family -This was a lucky coincidence Chapter 33: -Of course Tom thinks Huck is dead -Now Tom and Huck can brainstorm together to devise a plan on how to save Jim -Tom always comes up with something stylish. I cannot wait to see -He has something planned -â€Å"Humans can be awful cruel to one another† -The royalty is ended! -Huck always feels like he is to blame Chapter 34: -They are feeding Jim -Meanwhile, Huck is just as clever at Tom -Tom is a true friend to Huck -Style is good, but Huck's plan will take less time and be easier -Jim is good at playing along with plans Jim's life is at stake. I wonder if Jim is fooling the other servants and blaming witches Chapter 35: -Tom's style is kind of tedious and overly complex -I think that Tom thinks of this as a game. He is not taking it seriously -Tom is completely irrational and overly imaginative -Tom should let Huck handle the plan -Huck is much more realistic -Tom bases too much of his actions on fictions -Huck is in his right mind, but Tom is not -They don't have all the time in the world to save Jim, but Tom thinks they do -Huck sees no point in arguing Chapter 36: Slowly but surely, this will go the was Huck said it would go in the first place -Huck's easier ideas are beginning to look good to Tom -Jim is always happy to see Huck -Jim, like Huck, did not argue to keep the peace -Tom's lie may help Nat's sanity -Characterization: Nat is very superstitious Chapter 37: -People are beginning to notice missing household items -It is kind of obvious that Tom should have listened to Huck -Huck's lies affect a lot of people's sanity -Why do they have to confuse Aunt Sall y? -It is a good plan, but I feel terrible for the Aunt and Uncle -Although it was unnecessary, Jim did everything that Tom told him to doChapter 38: -They could have run away by now -What is a coat of arms? -Does Tom know that they don't have much time left? -Jim begins to dislike Tom's â€Å"style† -Jim is getting annoyed with the escape plan -We have already had bad experience with rattlesnakes -Tom's â€Å"doing it right† is just going to make Jim miserable -Of course Jim gives in as to not cause any trouble -Tom is giving Jim so much to work on Chapter 39: -But the Uncle already closed all of the rat holes (Page 264, first sentence) -Now Jim is having a miserable time as a prisoner Huck certainly looks up to Tom, but I think Huck should stand up for himself for once -This process does not really have to be this scary -Is there a good reason to scare everyone? -Tom's imagination is just as big, if not bigger than Huck's. Is Huck this way because of Tom? Chapter 40: -Something bad is going to come out of this -They could get killed or hurt from this! -It is lucky that the butter melted. It got him out of trouble -Tom likes this mind of danger. Does he still see this as a game? -Of course Tom would be happy with a bullet in his leg. It's like a trophy for his hard work -I agree, Jim does need a doctorChapter 41: -The doctor might tell the Phelpses -Huck is using good excuses to encourage the doctor to come -All of Tom's crazy, stupid evidence really came in handy -At least Tom and Huck are not blamed -It's funny: They did not get away safe and sound -They won't find Tom because he is on the raft. Where is Jim? -This is just how it was with Mary Jane (Page 282) -Huck will go if she's asleep Chapter 42: -I knew the doctor wasn't trustworthy -Of course they would not hang Jim because of how much he is worth -I guess the doctor did do the right thing in the end So Jim is good and Tom is good -Hopefully Aunt Sally will assume that Tom is insane, rat her than believe him. Otherwise, they might get into a lot of trouble -Tom sincerely wanted Jim free -Jim was already free after all of this? Excellent twist -After all of the trouble they went through, Jim was already free, and Tom already knew that! Tom just wanted the adventure -Everyone seems to have a happy ending Chapter The Last -Tom just wanted an adventure. He did not know that Jim and Huck had already had their fair share of adventures -I knew Jim had him for a reason!

The Impact of Social Media on the Egyptian Revolution 2011 Dissertation

The Impact of Social Media on the Egyptian Revolution 2011 - Dissertation Example However, scholars and researchers differ on their opinion on the role of social media. Some have used terms such as Facebook revolution while others undermine the importance of social media platforms and tools. With the aim to evaluate the role of the social media during the Egyptian Revolution, three objectives were set in Chapter I. all the three objectives have been achieved. The social media plays a very active role in political movements as it provides people a platform to address their concerns, express their opinions, provides an avenue to extend and receive support. The government of any country usually controls and monitors the traditional media but when the same strategy is applied to the public sphere such as social networking sites and blogosphere, people resist and revolt to the extent it can be counter-productive for the governments. When the President in Egypt imposed web censorship people took to streets. Social media during the Egyptian revolution 2011, helped to ext end solidarity and confidence to the oppressed. Citizen journalists emerged registering their protest against the regime. The impact of social media was so intense during this revolution that the president had to finally resign in 18 days from the day the protest started. Social media enables activists and coordinators to start specific pages in the interest of the people. The use of social media in politics is still in the nascent stage but it is extensively being used by the citizens, professional journalists, by the politicians and by coordinators of protests and social movements. In fact, even the mainstream media has been using quotes from the social media in their articles. While the degree may not be very intense, at least it suggests the importance that the social media has been gaining. The study concludes that social media has played a very significant role in the Egyptian revolution 2011. It not only initiated the movement, it helped people at all stages, it helped in eff ective communication and collaboration, it enabled an international audience to receive information, and it also enabled protection to people in danger. As suggested by some authors, the role of social media in the Egyptian revolution is not hyped; it has been of tremendous value in shaping reforms. It is a valuable tool in developing anti-government protests and in designing collective action. It is a disruptive force that can drastically bring about change and reform. It can accelerate social and political movements far beyond what the traditional media can do. The study concluded by highlighting limitations and making recommendations for further research on the subject. Table of Contents Chapter I Introduction 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Social Media & Politics 1 1.3 Rationale for Research 3 1.4 Research Aims & Objectives 4 1.5 Scope of the Study 5 1.6 Structure of the Study 5 Chapter II Literature Review 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2. Definition of Social Media 7 2.3 Social Networking Platfor ms 7 2.4 Benefits of Social Media 10 2.5 Social Media and Politics 11 2.6 Arab Countries & Egypt 12 2.7 Social Media in Egypt 12 2.8 Web Censorship in Arab countries 14 2.9 Chapter Summary 16 Chapter III Research Context 3.1 Introduction 17 3.2 Arab Spring 17 3.3 Egyptian Revolution 19 3.4 Summary 21 Chapter IV Research Methods 4.1 Introduction 23 4.2 Research Methodology 23 4.3 Choice of Method 23 4.4 Data Collection Methods 25 4.5 Secondary Research 26 4.6 Data Analysis 27 4.7 Summary

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HR0376 - Leadership - Essay Example For 18 years, I have been working as a soldier in the infantry as Warrant Officer Class 2 (WO2). Based at Fort George, the Black Watch is the 3rd Battalion of the Royal Regiment of Scotland (3 SCOTS) (Army 2011). Serving the Black Watch as a Company Sergeant Major, I handle a total of 120 soldiers under my command. To become successful in each of the military mission, the Army as a group needs good leadership. Considering my role and responsibilities as Company Sergeant Major, this report will focus on applying leadership theories, principles and techniques in my chosen profession. Prior to conclusion, factors that make a good leader will be thoroughly discussed. Application of Leadership Theories, Principles and Techniques in My Profession Leadership Definition Unlike the role of managers who are managing business organizations, leadership in military is not about organizational hierarchy, top-down management, or even the use of positional or authoritative power in terms of controll ing a group of soldiers. Likewise, it is a myth that military officers within the army is all about following the chain of command since soldiers who are in the military service treat one another as members of a large family. Even though effective commanders are expected to possess command skills and practice good leadership, the true concept of leadership is not about commanding a group of soldiers who are under the control of the commanders Yukl (2002, p. 2) defined leadership as â€Å"a process whereby intentional influence is exerted by one person over other people to guide, structure, and facilitate activities and relationships in a group or organization†. On the other hand, McNamara (2008) defined leadership as â€Å"a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent†. In relation to these definitions, Taylor, Rosenbach and Rosenbach (2009, p. 1) explained that ef fective leadership â€Å"is all about getting people to work together to make things happen that might not otherwise occur or to prevent things from happening that would ordinarily take place†. It simply means that effective military leaders include those individuals who are capable not only in influencing other soldiers to strictly follow what is being commanded to them but also motivate, inspire and empower a group of soldiers as unique individuals under my guidance. Formal and Informal Leadership Training As defined by Winstanley (2005), â€Å"a team is composed of a social unit or group of people who interact and communicate with each other and are willing to exert effort to seek common goals and objectives†. As a leader, I spend time and effort trying to motivate and inspire my soldiers to become achievers and self-directed. Because of my ability to develop a strong working relationship with them, I can easily work together with my subordinates as a team each time we need to complete a mission. According to Brungardt (1997), leadership can be taught either by receiving formal or informal leadership training. In line with this, formal leadership training program or seminars can be delivered within the four-corners of a classroom or inside an auditorium whereas informal leadership training program includes each person’s decision to read a book about leadership, leadership learned from on-the-job training activities, discussing the importance

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Business Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Environment - Essay Example The total of the gross added value in various activities related to the economy is referred to as GDP at factor cost. The sum of the indirect taxes and GDP at factor cost subtracted from subsidies will give GDP at producers’ price. According to the income approach, GDP is calculated by summing up the incomes that firms are required to pay to the households for providing the production factors namely wages, interest, rents as well as profits. Inflation: Inflation is defined as the continuous or sustained rise in the general level of price. It can also be defined as continuous reduction in the value of money. The movement in the general price level is referred to as inflation. The changes in the price level of goods and services purchased by the households are measured by Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Producers’ Price Index (PPI). The CPI can be calculated as the ratio of updated cost and price of the base period multiplied by 100. The second measure that is producer price index measures the average changes in prices as received by the producers for the products. Unemployment: Unemployment or joblessness occurs when individuals are actively looking for jobs but are not able to find it. The rate of unemployment is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed in the total labor force usually in percentage form. The International Labor Organization provides four methods on measuring the unemployment rate. The most preferred method of unemployment rate calculation is Labor Force Sample Surveys. Surveys provide the most comprehensive results and contribute in calculation of unemployment according to groups. The official estimates are calculated from the combination of information from the other methods. Social Insurance statistics is computed by the number of persons insured for the benefits and the number of insured persons collecting benefits. The balance of payments: Healthy balance of payments situation is ideal to attract investments. The investments can be used in diverse activities in up gradation of technology. The technological

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(lean)Supply Chain and Operations Management - Essay Example Many large corporations have intricate purchasing and supplying operations that inevitably create waste and foster non-value added activities. In order to minimize waste and reap maximum profits, corporations exercise lean management practices. One such corporation that practices lean management is Toyota Motor Corporation. It has remained one of the key practices in Toyota (KERBER AND DRECKSHAGE, 2011). One of the key steps in lean is to recognize which steps create value and which do not. By breaking down all activities in to the two aforementioned categories, concrete steps can be taken to promote the former and eradicate the latter. The lean management identifies seven activities as the â€Å"seven wastes†, they are as follows: Over-production: This occurs when more products are produced than what is demanded by the consumer. One common erroneous practice is the production of goods in bulk, as often transpires that customers need change over long periods that products in bulk require. This practice is considered the worst source of waste, as it begets all the other wastes, as more inventory and expenditure is required for the storage and preservation of goods; this does not benefit the customer nor generates income (TAYLOR AND BRUNT, 2001). Continuously improve: This is the mindset which a company is required to adopt. It must always work on the incremental enhancement of processes, services and products over time, with the aim of reducing waste and maximizing

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The Industrial Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Industrial Revolution - Essay Example The changes were far from beneficial for the working class who did not see an increase in their standard of living during the Industrial Revolution, but instead traded health, dignity, and emotional well being for a small increase in disposable income. The topic of the working class during this period has been one that has been widely and often debated. It can stir up highly charged emotions among historians and social scientists. While some arguments center on amelioration, others are more pessimistic in their viewpoint. The debate has become more interesting as the issues are applied to the global economy and the developing world of today. During this period of development in England, large numbers of the population were relocated from a self-sufficient agricultural economy to an urban factory setting. To entice the workers to move, an economic advantage, either real or perceived was necessary. Higher wages would be offered than could be realized from farm labor. However, the worker would trade social and environmental amenities for the higher pay. It is hypothesized that based on this trade of well being for wages, we can expect to find that when wages increased, living conditions were the poorest. Likewise, based on free market theory, the higher wages would initially create increased demand for products and higher prices. However, as production reached economies of scale, the market would reach equilibrium and result in modest financial rewards for the working class. Because standard of living denotes well being, it does not lend itself to mathematical evaluation. Much of it is qualitative and subjective. Often, even quantitative data from this period is subject to debate about its meaning and credibility. The data will be analyzed through a lens of objectivity and attempt to describe a condition as better or worse. Data such as wages and costs will be reported in real terms and consumption will be analyzed for quality of content. Definition of Terms For the purpose of this research the Industrial Revolution is defined as the period of 1770 to 1849. The research will consider the standard of living of the working class during this period. The post 1849 years will be evaluated and used for comparison where appropriate. This is consistent with many historians who consider the post 1849 period to be the Second Industrial Revolution. Graphical data will be presented for the years 1794 - 1849, the period that credible data is available. This 50-year period is an adequate representation of the major economic movements for the period. One of the overriding difficulties in approaching this topic is defining standard of living. Standard of living is comprised of several different attributes that may be material, emotional, or a combination of both. Standard of living includes wages and the amount of products consumed. It includes both necessities and luxury items. Standard of living considers the working conditions and the safety of the occupation. It also includes living conditions, the environment, and the health of the household. It further includes infant mortality and life span. As a measure of progress with respect to standard of living it will also evaluate education and literacy. This multitude of characteristics will combine to give a more complete picture of the standard

The characteristics of different world region cuisines Essay Example for Free

The characteristics of different world region cuisines Essay P1 1.1 Compare and contrast the characteristics of different world region cuisines. 1 1.2 Discuss influences in regional or world cuisine. 1 P2 2.1 Discuss how historical and geographic influences have defined the multicultural nature of food and drink 2 2.2 Evaluate developing trends in food and drink 2 Learner declaration I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own. I have clearly referenced any sources used in the work. I understand that a false declaration is a form of malpractice. Student signature:[emailprotected]:10 October 2017 Introduction The cuisine is a style of cooking which is associated with a specific culture or geographic region. Food is just another way to know more about a country. Many countries have cooking traditions using various spices or combinations of flavors unique to that culture that evolves over time. There are many different cuisines as per regions like European, Caribbean, Spanish and many more. TASK 1; P1; 1.1 Compare and Contrast the characteristics of different world region cuisines. Chinese Cuisine History of Chinese food Chinese culture initially centered on the North-China Plain. The first domesticated crops seem to have been foxtail and broomcorn varieties of millet while the rice was cultivated in the south. By 2000 BC, wheat had arrived from Western Asia these grains were typically served as warm noodle-soups. Nobles hunted various wild animals. CITATION Wer16 \l 2057 (Wertz, 2016)Chinese Food:- A number of different styles contribute the Chinese cuisine but perhaps the best known influential are Cantonese cuisine, Shandong cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine and Sichuan cuisine. These styles are unique from one another due to factors such as climate, geography, history, and lifestyle. Chinese Cuisine includes the following: Rice Rice is a major staple food in China. Chinese people eat rice almost every day for meals. Rice is also used to produce wine and beer. Noodles Chinese noodles are made from wheat flour, rice flour or mung bean starch. Noodles are often served in soup, with meat, eggs, and vegetables. Tofu It is the food of Chinese origin. It is made up of soy milk, water, and a curdling agent. It is served in soups, salads and stir-fries dishes. Meat and Poultry Chinese people basically eat all animal’s meat such as pork, beef, mutton, chicken, duck, pigeon as well as many others. Pork is the most commonly consumed meat. Eggs Chinese people consume eggs laid by many types of poultry such as chicken, ducks, geese, pigeons, and quails. Chinese Vegetables Chinese people are fond of vegetables especially leafy vegetables like Chinese cabbage, lettuce, cauliflower, etc and also vegetables like Chinese eggplant, white radish, Chinese mushrooms, onions, etc†¦ Chinese ingredients used for seasoning It includes ginger, garlic, chilies, spring onions, and coriander. Anaphylactic Shock Milk Yeast Peanuts CITATION Chi \l 2057 (China Highlights)Indian Cuisine History of Indian Food Indian cuisine reflects an 8000-year history of various cultures. Earlier in India, the diet consists of legumes, vegetables, fruits, grains, dairy products and honey. Staple foods eaten today include a variety of lentils, whole-wheat flour, rice and pearl millet. INDIAN FOOD Staple foods of Indian Cuisine include pearl millet, rice, whole-wheat flour, and a variety of lentils such as masoor, too, urad, and moong. Lentils are a staple ingredient in Indian cuisine. Lentils may be used whole, dehusked, for example- dhuli moong or dhuli urad or spilled. Spilled lentils or dal are used extensively. In northern regions, pulses such as channa or chelae and rajma are very famous. Many Indian dishes are cooked in vegetable oil, but peanut oil is popular in northern and western India, mustard oil in eastern India and coconut oil in western coast. The most important spices are whole or powdered chili pepper, black mustard seed, cardamom, cumin, turmeric, asafetida, ginger, coriander, and garlic. One of the popular spice mixes is garam masala. Each culinary region has a distinctive garam masala. Many types of meat are used for Indian cooking but chicken and mutton tend to be the most commonly consumed meats. Fish and beef are prevalent in some parts of India but they are not widely consumed except for coastal areas as well as the north-east. Anaphylactic shock Milk Eggs Soya bean Wheat Peanuts Corn Food Colours and preservatives CITATION Sub12 \l 2057 (Kapoor, 1-07-2002)Similarities between Indian and Chinese Cuisine Wheat and Rice is the staple ingredient in both regions. Both the regions eat very spicy food. Chinese cuisine Indian cuisine Peanut oil, Sunflower oil and animal fat like lard are used. Mustard oil, coconut oil and lots of ghee are used. Do not use curd. Uses curd a lot. It is common to eat beef, poultry, pork, etc†¦ India is restricted in some of the areas for consuming these things. 1.2 Discuss influences in regional or world cuisine. Food influences in Chinese CITATION pic \l 2057 (pic) The cuisine of China includes not only the cuisine originating from the diverse regions of China but also from the Chinese people in other parts of the world because of which Chinese cuisine is an important part of Chinese culture. Because of the  Chinese Diaspora  and historical power of the country, Chinese cuisine has influenced many other cuisines in  Asia, with modifications made to cater to local palates. Based on the raw materials and ingredients used, the method of preparation and cultural differences, a variety of foods with different flavors and textures are prepared in different regions of the country. Many traditional regional cuisines are done by basic methods like drying,  salting,  pickling, and  fermentation. CITATION Hsi04 \l 2057 (Hsieh., 2004)Food influences in Indian. CITATION www3 \l 2057 (Swad India)A huge number of religions exist in India because of which religious influence is more on Indian Food. This religious influence has  introduced the perception of vegetarianism and Nonvegetarianism. Hindus followed the cuisine as laid down by the Aryans, whereas with the coming of the Mughals the Muslims started to prepare food according to their techniques. The Muslim tradition is evident to initiate the cooking of Mughlai food, kababs, rich Kormas and nargisi koftas, rogan josh, and preparations from the clay over or tandoor like tandoori rotis and tandoori chicken. The Christians came as missionaries and they added a different flavor to the cooking style of the Indians. Jains are the sect of Hindus but their eating style varied from that of Hindus. Jainism is a religion that believes in non violence and thus refrained from eating any kind of meat or root vegetables. They consume food that grows on trees and are ripe. Influences on Indian Food au gmented the Indian Cuisine.  Thus a number of religions exist in India. The Hindu and the Muslim traditions are the two major religions which have contributed to Indian cooking. Each new religion settled in the country has brought their own culinary practices. CITATION www2 \l 2057 (India Net Zone)TASK 2; P2; 2.1Discuss how historical and geographic influences have defined the multicultural nature of food and drink Historical and geographical influences of Chinese Cuisine As early as 5000 years ago, China already had the grill, grilled fish, and other foods. In Zhou Dynasty, there was a famous cuisine called â€Å"Ba Zheng† (Eight Treasures), which was very influential for future generations. During Han, Wei, South and North Dynasties, Chinese cuisine developed rapidly and appeared many famous cuisines. The â€Å"Wu Hou Mackerel† created by Louhu of Han Dynasty was one of them. On the unearthed bamboo slips from the No. 1 Tomb of Mawangdu Ruins, there were recorded over hundreds of cuisines. In the â€Å"Qi Ming Yao Shu† written by Jia Sixie during North Wei Dynasty, there were over 200 kinds of cuisines recorded. Because of the introduction and influence of Buddhism, and the promotion of Liang Wu Di of South Dynasty, vegetarian dishes gradually had an impact on people’s daily life. During Sui, Tang and the Five Dynasties period, the designed and colorful cuisines and diet dishes also had a new development. Song Dynasty is one of the climaxes of the development of Chinese cuisine. In the restaurants of Bianjing and Linan, there were numerous cold dishes, hot dishes, soups and color dishes. The dishes were marked with South, North, Chuan flavors and vegetarian dishes, which represented that the schools of cuisines began to form. During Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty, Chinese cuisine has great development. Thousands of cuisines appeared. During this period, ethnic groups believing in Islamism moved to all the area of China, and Halal Food as a new kind of Chinese food occupied a position in China. The schools of Chinese cuisine had formed. From late Qing Dynasty, along with foreigners came to China, Some characters of western cuisines were also introduced by Chinese cuisines. CITATION Top \l 2057 (Top China Travel)Historical and geographical influences of Indian Cuisine Indian cuisine is ancient, diverse, and steeped in tradition, an amalgam of different ethnic influences, much like the country itself. The spicy food displayed at buffets in the US or the ubiquitous â€Å"curry† in Britain is only a small fraction of the variety and quality available to food lovers. Gourmet Indian food is typically associated with the food cooked in the courts of Indian royalty, particularly those of Mughal emperors in Delhi and Lucknow in North India and the Nizams of Hyderabad in the South. This food is characterized by elaborate cooking techniques and the use of expensive ingredients. However, there are thousands of hidden culinary gems to be found in kitchens, little-known restaurants, and places of worship around the country that require a discriminating palate and hence can be classified as ‘gourmet’. Religion and climate are two factors that have significantly impacted the development of cooking styles and food habits in India. Over 80% of Indians follow the Hindu religion and its offshoots such as Jainism. Hinduism prescribes respect for life forms and has contributed to the prevalence of vegetarianism in India, particularly in the North. One impact of this on cuisine is that lentils and beans are the main sources of protein as opposed to fish and meat. Although cows are sacred to Hindus, milk is considered auspicious and milk products such as curd, vegan cottage cheese (‘paneer’) and sweets made of milk solids are part of the cuisine. Spices are generously used to provide variety in the vegetarian diet. Certain sects of Hinduism forbid the use of onions and garlic in food, and so substitute flavorings such as cumin seeds, ginger, and cashew paste have been incorporated into the cuisine. CITATION htt3 \l 2057 (BriskWalkers)2.2 Evaluate developing trends in food and drinks. E-revolution from carts to clicks-  Online shopping, apps, and delivery services are transforming consumers’ access to deals, niche offerings and even full meals. While the Internet has not yet vastly changed the landscape of grocery shopping, innovations encourage consumers.Diet by DNA-  Interest in the natural and â€Å"getting back to basics† has boosted ancient grains and superfoods, fostering a principle that age-old staples are better than today’s manufactured options. Interest in historical ingredients suggests that people could make efforts to unlock the keys to their personal physiology and design diets, by connecting with their own ancestry.Good enough to Tweet-  The rise of food-centric media has sparked new interest in cooking, not only for the sake of nourishment but also for the purposes of sharing one’s creations via social media. This finds people taking divergent paths – some to become sufficiently well-rounded so as to compet e on popular television programmes, while others privately cultivate specialties.Table for one- Across age groups, more consumers are living in single-person households or occasionally eating meals alone. These meals for one require right-sized products and packaging, as well as promotions that further erode any stigma of dining solo.Fat sheds stigma- Consumers’ negative stereotype that all fat content is evil has begun to diminish. The awareness of the many sources of good and bad fats is ushering in a paradigm shift, in which fat content is not the first consideration and barrier in the search for healthy products.Eat with your eyes- Flavor has long been the core of innovation, but more visual and share-focused societies call for innovation that is boldly colored and artfully constructed. Finding inspiration in global foodservice offerings, brands can experiment with vibrant colors and novel shapes to make packaged products worthy of consumer praise and social media posts. CITATION Foo \l 2057 (Food Industry Asia)REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHY \l 2057 (n.d.). Retrieved from picstopin.com BriskWalkers. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.briskwalkers.com China Highlights. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.chinahighlights.com Food Industry Asia. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://foodindustry.asia Hsieh., J. L. (2004). Traditional Chinese Food Technology and Cuisine. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 147-155. India Net Zone. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.indianetzone.com Kapoor, S. (1-07-2002). The Indian Encyclopaedia. Cosmo Publications. Swad India. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.theswadindia.com Top China Travel. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.topchinatravel.com Wertz, R. R. (2016, may 2). The Cultural Heritage of China:: Food Drink:: Cuisine:: Introduction. Retrieved from www.ibiblio.org SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT RECORD SHEET Programme Pearson BTEC Level 5 HND in Hospitality Management. Learner Name Keerti Krishna Ratnala Assessor Name Mr. Shushant Shahade Unit No. Title Unit 28: World Food Target Learning Aims Assignment No. Title Compare and contrast the characteristics of different world region cuisines and discuss influences in regional or world cuisine. Understanding the multicultural nature of food drink in society Issue Date Interim Submission Date Final Submission Date Target criteria Criteria Achieved Final Assessment Comments P1;1.1 P1;1.2 P2;2.1 P2;2.2 Summative comments Resubmission authorization* Resubmission Date: * All resubmissions must be authorized. Only 1 resubmission is possible per assignment. Assessor Signature Date: Learner comments Learned a lot about various cuisines and their influences on other regions. Here I got to know more about Indian and Chinese cuisine like their cooking practices, important ingredients, and cultures. Learner Signature [emailprotected] Date: 45008800 QCF BTEC INTERNAL VERIFICATION – ASSESSMENT DECISIONS Programme title Pearson BTEC Level 5 HND in Hospitality Management Assessor Mr. Shushant Shahade Internal Verifier Unit(s) Unit 28: World Food Assignment title Compare and contrast the characteristics of different world region cuisines and discuss influences in regional or world cuisine. Understanding the multicultural nature of food drink in society Learner’s name Keerti Krishna Ratnala List which assessment and grading criteria the assessor has awarded. Pass Merit Distinction INTERNAL VERIFIER CHECKLIST Comments Do the assessment criteria awarded match those targeted by the assignment brief? Y/N Has the work been assessed accurately? Y/N Is the feedback to the learner: Constructive? Linked to relevant assessment and grading criteria? Identifying opportunities for improved performance? Agreeing actions? Y/N Does the assessment decision need amending? Y/N Assessor signature Date Internal Verifier signature Date Lead Internal Verifier signature (if required) Date Confirm action completed Remedial action is taken Assessor signature Date Internal Verifier signature Date Lead Internal Verifier signature (if required) Date

Classical and Operant Conditioning for Maladaptive Behaviour

Classical and Operant Conditioning for Maladaptive Behaviour Applying classical and operant conditioning therapies  to change maladaptive human behaviour Psychologists who study the behaviourism approach suggest that behaviours of a human are learnt through either classical or operant conditioning. These behaviours can be changed through therapies. This assignment assesses the values of applying classical and operant conditioning therapies to change maladaptive human behaviour. Operant conditioning is when behaviours are learnt through consequences; doing something to get something. â€Å"Operant conditioning creates a higher probability of repeated behaviour through reinforcement† (Collin et al, 2012). A human would receive positive or negative reinforcement or even punishment for their behaviour. Consequently this would lead to repeated behaviour, changed behaviour or even stop the behaviour depending on the reinforcement received. B.F Skinner explained operant conditioning by conducting experiments in a box that he designed called the ‘Skinner box’ (1948, cited in Barker, 2002). For example a hungry rat was placed in a box, there was only a lever and a food dish inside. The rat knocked the lever and soon learnt that he received food for his action and kept repeating the behaviour to gain more food. This is an example of positive reinforcement because the rat received food for its action. Skinner (1948, cited in Collin, 2012) later int roduced electric grids to the Skinner box which would give the rat an electric shock when the lever was activated. The rat’s behaviour of pressing the lever decreased. This experiment showed that the receiving of negative reinforcement caused the rat to change its previous behaviour. There are several therapies that use operant conditioning, one is called token economy. Behaviour is modified through reinforcement and also punishment; it has been used in many types of care units, such as mental hospitals, eating disorder clinics or even juveniles acting up (Barker, 2002). The patients involved in token economy would receive rewards in forms of tokens or points for good behaviour, this is positive reinforcement. On the other hand if bad behaviour was shown by the patients tokens would be taken away, this is negative reinforcement. Tokens can then be used for outings, privileges, goods, food or even extended visits with their family (Allen, 2013). When patients demonstrate good behaviour and are therefore rewarded with tokens it is hoped that the positive behaviour would be repeated with the aim of gaining more rewards. Eventually their pattern of behaviour would consequently change and would happen naturally. However if tokens were taken away for bad behaviour this would be negative reinforcement. The patient would realise that if they behaved badly, negative consequences would follow such as less tokens to spend on privileges or extra food. Eventually this would hopefully change the behaviour of the patient and their bad actions would decrease. One study that showed token economy was carried out in an adolescent service at Boston hospital by Kris and Schiff (1968, cited in Thomas, 1974). They delivered the token economy therapy in the hospital for adolescents in the form of point cards. Each point gained was worth one penny which then could be accumulated and spent on food, privileges and outings. Each patient had a small plastic point card with their name and identification number embossed. Each time a patient earned points they would be given a point’s receipt and their point card would be stamped. All points would be added up at the end of the week and the reward of money would be given. The adolescents could gain 30 points by carrying out room maintenance such as bed making and also 10 points for arriving on time for lessons. Points would be taken away for lateness and untidy rooms. The study demonstrated positive and negative reinforcement. The adolescents learnt that the cleaner their room and the quicker they went to class the more points they received, this is positive reinforcement. The behaviour would change and they would be better behaved and follow instructions. When points were taken away for lateness or no room maintenance being completed they would learn that these actions needed to be completed and they would change their behaviour and start showing up for lessons and also making their beds, this is negative reinforcement. This interesting study showed improvement in adolescent’s behaviour at the hospital however it should be noted that in some cases the adolescents were seen to steal receipt books and point stamps to try and give themselves points. The disadvantages for this study was that it wasn’t very cost affective, the printing of point cards and receipts was very expensive. Also there was over a hundred staff members employed at this hospital and it was hard to train each staff member properly on the token economy point system and some staff would feel harassed and under pressure if working alone which meant they would give points out just so the adolescents would stop harassing them. (Thomas, 1974). Another research was completed by Allyon and Azrin (1968, cited in Allen, 2013) who used token economy therapy to control the behaviour of 45 people with schizophrenia who had been in an institution for roughly sixteen years. The patients were given tokens for combing their hair or even making their own beds. The results of the therapy showed patients’ chores each day rise from five a day to over forty. The patients that were receiving positive reinforcement by gaining tokens for completing more chores each day. Token economy has positive and negative points to change maladaptive human behaviour. Token economy may work inside clinics or institutions but may not necessarily relate to life at home and living independently. Going from being praised for good behaviour and then having no one at home praising them may let the person slip back into their old way of behaving. Token economy may hide the underlying reason for someone’s behaviour. It may make the behaviours and actions go away for a short period due to the person wanting to receive tokens to use for food and privileges but the underlying reason why they are behaving in the first reason will still be there. Using this therapy in institutions and clinics would require a lot of commitment and training from staff. It may not be cost effective to put every staff member through training. Also some staff may not be as committed as others and give out tokens to favoured patients or give out tokens to stop feeling harassed or under press ure. It would be important for staff to be consistent in their actions. Corrigan (1995, cited in Allen, 2013) claims that the therapy is humiliating and abusive to patients and is unethical. Token economy does change behaviour quickly and is good at changing unwanted behaviour which shows in the study completed by Allyon and Azrin (1968, cited in Allen, 2013). Classical conditioning is learning through association. Behaviours are learnt by associating one thing with another. Pavlov (1902, cited in Collin, 2012) showed classical conditioning by experimenting on dogs and their responses to food. He carried out several tests which involved dogs and the salivation glands. He used dogs and put them in restraints, when the dog salivated at different times he measured the amount of saliva produced. An unconditioned stimulus such as food was presented to the dogs which then provoked an unconditioned response; salivation. Pavlov then introduced a neutral stimulus such as a bell with the unconditioned stimulus; the food. The dogs started to salivate at the noise of the bell which was accompanied by food. After repeated tests the dogs started to salivate at the sound of the bell without any food which was a conditioned response; salivation without no food presented. This means the dog had learnt to associate the bell with food and would salivate befo re the food was given. Systematic desensitisation (SD) therapy uses the principle of classical conditioning to reduce people’s fears and phobias. Through several sessions a client would go through relaxation and becomes aware of the bodily cues associated with relaxation. The client then has more sessions to be trained step by step on how to relax in the presence of their fear. (Barker, 2002) One study which was carried out was by Lang and Lazovik (1963, cited in Banyard and Grayson, 2000) which was called ‘Fear today, gone tomorrow’. The study was a simple experiment which used twenty four students who had a strong phobia of snakes. The students were given a list of twenty situations, including holding a snake to seeing a picture of a snake and were told to list them from least feared to most feared in a fear hierarchy. The students then started there SD, which included eleven forty five minute sessions which started with hypnosis and deep muscle relaxation and then slowly they worked through their fear hierarchy by imagining them. They were allowed to move onto the next fear once they could show they were relaxed during and after the previous one. Once all the sessions were completed the students had to carry out the ‘snake avoidance test’. A snake was placed in a glass box 15 feet away and the students got marked out of 19 on how close they co uld get to the snake or to see if they could touch it. The results were compared to students that hadn’t received SD therapy and they showed that the students that had completed the sessions could stand much closer to the snake and even some students could hold or touch the snake. The idea of SD therapy is to associate the fear with relaxation. In the above study it shows that the students that went through SD could associate the deep relaxation with the snakes and in some cases even hold them. The students remaining calm meant they associated there calmness with a fear, which in turn the students could move on to their next fear and keep moving through them. SD is effective where the behaviour is a learned phobia or anxiety of a specific thing, McGrath et al (1990, cited in Allen, 2013) claims that SD works for around seventy five percent of people with phobias that are specific. However it only treats symptoms of the phobia or anxiety and doesn’t help the underlying issue or reason and other therapies would need to be used to look into these reasons. It doesn’t work well with depression or schizophrenic clients. SD is a very slow process due to the amount of sessions needed to work through the relaxation process and then the fear its self but t he longer the therapy and technique take the more effective it is. Overall token economy and systematic desensitisation therapies do work but do have their negative points. Both therapies only resolve the symptoms and don’t resolve the underlying reasons why the person’s behaviour happened originally. This means eventually they could stop working especially if their environment changes and the treatment stops. Other therapies for other approaches would need to be considered to really understand and change the maladaptive behaviours of a person. Reference List Allen C. (2013). Psychopathology and Treatment Workbook. Northampton College. Northampton. Banyard P and Grayson A. (2000). Introducing Psychological Research. Second Edition. Palgrove Publishers. New York Barker L. Psychology. (2002). Pearson Education Inc. New Jersey Collin C. (2012). The psychology book. New York. DK Pub. Thomas E. J. 1974. Behavior modification procedure. Chicago. Aldine Pub. Co. [Online]. Accessed from: http://books.google.co.uk [20/3/14] Bibliography List Cardwell M and Flanagan C. (2012). Psychology AS – The Complete Companion Student Book. 3rd Edition. Oxford University Press. Oxford. Comer R. J. (1992). Abnormal psychology. New York. Freeman Rebecca Sharp

Why Ecommerce Must Embrace Smartphone Purchases

Why Ecommerce Must Embrace Smartphone Purchases Todays customers are additional connected than ever ahead of, and it is altering the way we do business enterprise. Social media has transformed advertising and marketing into a neighborhood activity, artificial intelligence is altering customer support as we know it and mobile phones have produced it less difficult for shoppers to purchase items around the go. This Black Friday marked a significant milestone for mobile eCommerce as purchasing from phones and tablets was accountable for $1.two billion in U.S. on the internet sales! Although purchases from mobile only make up 36 % of total on the web sales for Black Friday, mobile views essentially outweighed Computer views by 55 % which means that the majority of shoppers at the least viewed a retail or eCommerce web page from their smartphone just before obtaining merchandise from their private computer system. And mobile purchases are displaying no indicators of slowing down. Actually, 2016 saw the initial time shoppers produced the majority, 51 %, of their purchases on the internet. This trend will only enhance since it develop into simpler to analysis and get things from computer systems and mobile devices. If eCommerce web pages need to remain competitive, they really need to design and style for mobile. Under are a couple of tricks to get your enterprise eCommerce shop in around the action. Create a Mobile Friendly Web-site: For those who are hunting to optimize your web-site for mobile, it is possibly finest to begin with an enterprise eCommerce platform constructed with mobile in thoughts. Retrofitting an current internet site can take loads of additional time and work, in particular should you employ an agency or outdoors group to produce the needed adjustments. Try to remember that mobile does not only imply smartphone, so you may also will need a tablet-friendly version of the web-site also. Entice Younger Clients: According to your company model and target demographics, you could possibly be seeking towards mobile to attract much more Millennials. It turns out members of Generation Y will be the most avid mobile shoppers, creating almost 63 % of their purchases by means of smartphone or tablet. It is crystal clear if youd like to appeal to younger purchasers, you have to optimize your eCommerce web-site for mobile. E-mail Advertising and marketing for Mobile: E mail advertising is practically nothing new, but did you realize it truly is certainly one of the hottest strategies to maintain clients engaged within your brand? Additional than 65 % of all e mail gets opened initially on mobile; and due to the fact push notification alert customers once they acquire new messages, your emails possess a higher possibility of getting noticed. Use e-mail marketing and advertising to market sales, limited-time discounts, promotions and much more. Experiment with pushing out advertising and marketing material at distinctive instances of day. Wish to be the very first factor in their inbox once they wake up? Or ought to you try and catch shoppers with shop alerts inside the late evening? Embrace Social Commerce: Social media is abuzz with viral marketing and advertising campaigns and two-way conversations involving purchasers and brands. In no way has it been simpler to determine precisely what your audience is speaking about. Fortunately, social media platforms have taken points additional by supplying obtain buttons on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and other people. Now customers taking a look at your web page can obtain straight from their feed. Prevent Orphaned Carts: Certainly, nothing at all comes with no its challenges. Mobile enterprise eCommerce is not excellent and in reality could bring about the developing variety of abandoned carts. Reports show cart abandonment is highest amongst mobile customers as they relinquished orders at about 79 %. To combat this, make certain that your checkout approach is swift and easy for mobile customers. Nobody likes fumbling about with tiny text boxes on such a compact screen. In the event you operate an enterprise eCommerce shop, then you definitely ought to make the most of the thrilling improvement in mobile sales and promoting. This guide will get you began, but do not neglect to experiment to find out what functions finest for the buyers as well as your business enterprise.

The World Trade Organization Demonstrations Essay -- Economics Economy

The World Trade Organization Demonstrations Introduction The emerging trend of liberalizing international trade regulations, also known as globalization, has lead to vast changes in distribution of wealth and power throughout the world. As a result, many groups and population segments feel pressured or disadvantaged by the evolving structure of world markets and their effects on labor standards, job availability, environmental standards, etc. Many of these groups, both in the United States and abroad, are leftist-centered groups seeking to peacefully influence or altogether stop the rush to trade liberalization and privatization that is occurring worldwide. Naomi Klein writes: In fact, remarkably few of globalization's fenced-out people turn to violence. Most simply move: from countryside to city, from country to country. And that's when they come face to face with distinctly unvirtual fences, ones made of chain link and razor wire, reinforced with concrete and guarded with machine guns (xxi-xxii). In the United States, such confrontations are usually between a wide variety of anti-globalization activists and agents of social control on the streets of major cities. Perhaps the largest and most important of such clashes occurred between protestors and riot police in downtown Seattle between November 30 and December 3, 1999. At the time, the city was playing host to a major summit of the World Trade Organization (WTO), a corporate-controlled intergovernmental organization "formed in 1995 as a means of developing a worldwide free-market economy" (Verhovek and Kahn 1). In an effort to prevent what they saw as destructive and potentially dangerous developments from taking place, thousands of activists in Seattle succ... ... We Really Shut Down the WTO?" Voices from the WTO. Olympia, WA: E Freidberg, Jill, and Rick Rowley. This is What Democracy Looks Like. Ed. Independent Media Center. Video vols. Seattle, WA: Big Noise Films, 2000. Klein, Naomi. Fences and Windows: Dispatches from the Front Lines of the Globalization Debate. New York: Picador USA, 2002. Nichols, John. "Raising a Ruckus." The Nation. Vol. 269, no. 19 (6 Dec. 1999): 18-19. Sunde, Scott. "Second Straight Night of Confrontations Rocks Capitol Hill." Seattle Post-Intelligencer 2 Dec. 1999, sec A:1. Thomas, Janet. The Battle in Seattle. Golden, Colorado: Fulcrum Publishing, 2000. Verhovek, Sam Howe and Joseph Kahn. "The Battle in Seattle." New York Times Upfront. Vol. 132 no. 9 (3 Jan. 2000): 7. Weissman, Robert. "Democracy is in the Streets." Multinational Monitor Vol. 20, Issue 12 (Dec. 1999): 24-30.

The house of Seven Gables Analysis Essays -- essays research papers

â€Å"The love of money is the root of all evil.† This basic proverb it the foundation that Nathaniel Hawthorne builds upon in The House of Seven Gables. Like all of hawthorns works he exploits the evils of the puritan heart in is 1851 Romantic Fantasy. Hawthorne tells the story of the Pyncheon family’s struggle to overcome the inherrated problem caused by the sins of their ancestors. The Pyncheon family, however, thinks the problems come from an inherrated curse that was placed on the family. The House of Seven Gables shows Hawthorne’s opinion of the puritan heart (Gioia and Kennedy p. 196). He believed that their hearts were full of sin, and that they were blinded by the sin and evil so much that they could not even see that the problem lies with themselves. Hawthorne believed that the inherrated evil of the heart could only be overcome by true love. To understand the family history, you must first meet the family. The Pyncheon family history starts in 1692 with the introduction of Colonel Pyncheon. He was a strict puritan whom everyone thought was a good godly man. However, his heart was greedy and evil. He had a man put to death so that he could gain the man’s property. These sins and evils are passed down through several generations of Pyncheon’s. In some generations the evil is stronger or weaker. The traits are passed until the later 1900’s to an elderly woman named Hephzibah Pyncheon. Hephzibah, the great grand niece of the Colonel, did not inherit all of his evil traits. Her heart was not greedy or full of hate, but she feels that she is better that everyone else because she is a Pyncheon. By the time the novel focuses on her however, she is nearly seventy and she realizes that she must open up a penny shop to survive. Hephzibah’s brother, Clifford, lives with her in the house of the seven gable s. Clifford is an emotional man who has spent most of his life in prison for the murder of one of his uncles. Clifford, however is the only male Pyncheon who is not full of hate, he killed his uncle to stop his uncle from killing others. Clifford and Hephzibah live in the house and are occasionally visited by their cousin, Phoebe Pyncheon. Because Phoebe moved from another town, she is unaware of the supposed curse and the inherrated evil that is supposed to dwell in her. Phoebe is perfect in every way. She is beautiful, happy, and she has a good heart. She is ... ...razy and others to become more powerful or richer to cover the feeling of grief (Anthony Trollope p 308). The ghost is also the on who resolves the conflict. Once the Pyncheon’s realize that all they have to do is confess their sins and come to terms with themselves and the Mauls then the conflict will end, and they will live happily ever after. The novel as a whole was excellent. The plot and the theme were excellent, and the novel should be converted into a movie because it has all of the things a good thriller and horror movie should have. The only drawback was the language and the style in which it was written. Nathaniel Hawthorne is a master of words and the human language, but describing a half-dead chicken does not need a two-page description. If someone could re-write the novel in today’s English, without loosing the quality of work, this could easily be the best novel ever. The theme of the novel is perfect for Hawthorne as well as everyone in every time period. It describes Hawthorne’s views as puritans as evil hypocrites, as well as showing every generation that just because you inherrated a bad family, it doesn’t mean you have to relieve the inherrated experience.